Aviation is a complex, highreliability industry. The on-request service is provided by FLIGHTWATCH, the generic call sign of the service. Sun protection recommended from 9:30 am to 5:50 pm, UV Index predicted to reach 12 [Extreme]. Other formats To print this page, get the PDF version (one page, 45 kb ). The ATSB asked CASA for a ruling on the use of observations in-flight. The crews of Velocity 1384 and Qantas 735 reported having placed a greater weight on the observation reports for Mildura, given the ongoing forecast issues for Adelaide. A navigation aid that emits a signal that can be received by appropriately-equipped aircraft and represented as the aircrafts bearing (called a 'radial') to or from that aid. After the aircraft reached top of climb and the sterile cockpit period ended, flight watch sent a message via the aircraft communications addressing and reporting system stating that the amended TAF now indicated a 30 per cent chance of fog, providing an overview of the conditions at Adelaide Airport and advising that the TTF forecast no significant change during its validity period. Broadcast system components comprised a ground- or spacebased transmitter, an aircraft receiver and a portable or installed cockpit display device. This speaks volumes about their integrity and character. This arrangement is consistent with the service provided by Airservices. During the period prior to the occurrence involving VHYIR and VHVYK there were several amendments to the MATS regarding the provision of FIS, including three amendments as discussed below. The BoM Aeronautical Services Handbook (ASH), which is available as guidance for staff, lists the priorities for the provision of services. The fuel on board at take-off from Sydney was 7,900 kg, as recorded on operational documentation. IN September 2017, the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) claimed a series of new record hot days across south eastern Australia, including on 23 September at Mildura. This included meteorological conditions and the existence of non-routine met products. 1 tank is integral with the left main wing, the No. The crew of Qantas 735 had been monitoring the Mildura weather through ACARS and heard the transmission by ATC of the METAR information to Velocity 1384. The document described specific flight information regions in which the procedures were to apply, each having a section that was further divided into chapters dealing with specific topics. Really? An improvement in visibility was recorded from 1042, when the visibility increased above 3,000 m. The 1-minute AWS cloud data for Mildura Airport showed that the lowest layer of cloud was below 200ft at 0837, with increased cloud detected below 200 ft at 0918. In contrast, the crew of Qantas 735 had greater time to make that assessment. As the TAF had a 30 per cent chance of fog and the TTF issued at the same time forecast no deterioration, they elected not to pass the amended TAF to the crew of Velocity1384through ACARS. In addition, some of these unforecast deteriorations were observed during approach, meaning the deterioration was only just prior to the arrival of the aircraft. Bureau Home > Radar Images > 128 km Mildura 5 min Rainfalls. IDCJDW3051.202211Prepared at 16:01 UTC on Monday 16 January 2023. The investigation is continuing and will: 6:54 pm 12 Jan. Perceived conflict information between TAF and TTF as TAF can mention probabilities of 30 and 40 per cent, whereas TTF is a forecast of the most likely outcome over the next three hours. The FCTM cautioned against conducting fuel balancing activities during approach or times of high workload and further states that fuel balancing is to reduce wear and tear on the airframe and landing gear, and not for controllability reasons. AIP GEN 3.3 sections 2.5.4 and 2.5.5 detailed the hazard alert service provided by ATC as part of ATC-initiated FIS. The ATSB reviewed each of the independent systems in place to support the flights, including air traffic control (ATC), the operators and the Bureau of Meteorology (BoM), as well as the actions of individuals within these systems. please use the search box to find your location and then click "set as my default location" on the local weather page. State and regional weather forecasts, current conditions, Bureau of Meteorology warnings, radar and satellite animations They could, however, access the weather if requested by flight crew or for their own information. At the time of the occurrence, Virgin had not yet commenced using ACARS routinely in their B737fleet, although it was available for use by the crew. As such, the action to not pass this information to Velocity 1384 was provided for by the Virgin dispatch manual. https://notalotofpeopleknowthat.wordpress.com/2018/02/17/ghcn-are-even-inflating-current-temperatures-in-new-york/, Doug said: Wouldnt it be possible to simply put an electronic probe and a classic thermometer into a Stevenson enclosure or a temperature controlled environment for comparison?. Real life experience as shown in the graphs in the article tell us that the readings are not comparable at all. On 12 March 2009, amendment 58 of the AIP changed the pilot responsibility in relation to FIS from requesting the operational information to obtaining the information. The ATSB also found that in certain weather patterns and at certain locations, fog is both rare and difficult to forecast reliably. The reviews, and subsequent procedural amendments, resulted in a number of changes in the way in which SPECI reports were handled by the air traffic control system and the way in which this information was relayed to pilots in flight. Even a mere pleb such as myself can see that the temperature readings are remarkably different, and always tending higher, not lower. Once the change appeared in an updated product, or after 1 hour, whichever was sooner, the Hazard Alert prefix would cease. Virgin flight watch personnel reported receiving and reviewing this TAF when it was issued. Specifically, this included responding to changing conditions, passing operational information and responding to pilot requests. However, as the deterioration was forecast to improve prior to their arrival, it is likely that, at that stage, they would have elected to continue to Adelaide. On 18 June 2013, two Boeing 737 aircraft, VH-YIR operated by Virgin Australia Airlines Pty. The section of this version on the provision of FIS to pilots in flight indicated that the controller was to provide FIS to all aircraft that were being provided with an ATC service. After I manually transcribed and analysed relevant data from a subset of the first batch of over 4,000 scanned A8 forms received on 28 October, I wrote to Minister Freydenberg on 12 November explaining that the values recorded manually on the A8 forms from the mercury thermometers for the period November 1996 to December 2000 at Mildura are significantly different from the official values recorded from the electronic probes. Readers are cautioned that new evidence will become available as the investigation progresses that will enhance the ATSB's understanding of the accident as outlined in this Interim report. The automatic broadcast services did not have the capacity to recognise and actively disseminate special weather reports (SPECI) to pilots, thus not meeting the intent of the SPECI alerting function provided by controller-initiated flight information service. 256 km Mildura Radar Loop Provides access to meteorological images of the Australian weather watch radar of rainfall and wind. This TEMPO meant that anyone flying to Mildura Airport required either 60 minutes of holding fuel to outlast the predicted deterioration, or needed to nominate an alternate destination airport. Central Flight Watch desk dissolved and Flight Following introduced mid 2014 with desks split up into regions and Flight Following assigned to individual desks. Jennifer has hit onto an important point worldwide, especially the changes in sea surface temperature instrumentation and protocols (70% of the globe). Instead, pilot awareness of the implications for the flight of the reported weather conditions is crucial to effective in-flight decision making. The PM carries out support duties and monitors the PFs actions and aircraft flight path. The forecaster then issued an amended TAF at 0952 with a 30 per cent probability of fog, visibility 500 m and broken cloud at 200 ft AGL for 2 hours. Where relevant the safety issues and actions will be updated on the ATSB website as information comes to hand. A review of the relevant ATC recorded radio communication identified that the first opportunity was at 0816, when the crew of Qantas 735 requested further information from ATC regarding conditions in Adelaide. The investigation title has been amended to reflect this expanded investigation focus, which will include examination of the: A preliminary factual report into the circumstances of the occurrence is anticipated by 18 July 2013, and the final report is expected to be completed within 12 months. Certification for various levels of autoland is dependent on a number of factors. METAR/SPECI are observations, not forecasts, and as such cannot be used for Flight Planning purposes, other than as a reference to determine temperature for performance purposes. They sample them every second but throw most of these measurements away keeping only the highest, lowest and last second from each minute. The AIP defined hazard alerts to include: observations, pilot reports, or amended forecasts indicating that weather conditions at the destination have unexpectedly deteriorated below the IFR or VFR alternate minima, and. Light winds. What was unusual about the occurrence involving the A320 was that the advection of fog moved in from the north at a greater speed than the surface wind. Tropical Cyclone Freddy possible over Coral Sea, Sydney ends near-record run below 30 degrees. A routine weather report (METAR) is issued at fixed times, hourly or half hourly. Wimmera Mallee Rainfall and River Conditions map, *Note - all levels are measured using the Australian Height Datum (AHD). It also indicated that the provision of ATC-initiated FIS would be generally limited to aircraft within 60minutes flight time of the condition or destination at the time of the receipt of the information by ATC. A review of the international aviation system identified that Australia is comparable to the international industry, particularly with regard to the provision of flight information services (FIS). When Velocity 1384 departed Brisbane for Adelaide, the TAF that was current at the time showed favourable conditions for arrival and did not require the nomination of an alternate airport. During the period prior to the occurrence involving VH-YIR and VH-VYK, there were several amendments to the AIP regarding the provision of FIS. It also influenced the decision making of the Virgin Australia flight watch personnel, who did not pass this weather to the flight crew of Velocity 1384. However, it can be difficult to differentiate between fog and low cloud when using satellite imagery. The meteorological information obtained from an Aerodrome Weather Information Service (AWIS) is operationally equivalent to that provided in routine (METAR)/special weather (SPECI) reports. The adjustments only ever go one way. Another Virgin aircraft then asked ATC to clarify if that report was for Melbourne, to which ATC responded negative, Adelaide. In addition, improved conditions could be expected from 1000 as the wind was forecast to tend southerly and both fog and low cloud were rare in a southerly flow at Mildura. On the morning on 23 June 2015, the crew of a Bombardier DHC-8, registered VH-XFQ, prepared for a flight from Perth to Darlot, Western Australia. The FOs roster showed that 16 and 17 June 2013 were rostered days off. However, an increase in the number of SPECI reports due to an increase in the number of AWS being commissioned, and the introduction of required change parameters being programmed into the software of the AWS led to a large increase in the number of SPECI reports being received by controllers. If they revised the probe design several times there must have been some records kept of how, why and where. The area GPS-based navigation Global Navigation Satellite System (RNAV GNSS) instrument approach to runway27 at Mildura required pilots to be clear of cloud at a minima of 660 ft (493ft AGL), reducing to 560 ft (393 ft AGL) using an actual aerodrome QNH[6] (see the sections titled Area navigation Global Positioning System navigation systemand Airport information). These included the following products: US AIP GEN 3.5 section 7 described two basic types of FIS, broadcast only, which was called FIS-B and two-way request/reply. The ATSB is continuing its investigation into the circumstances surrounding the diversion of a B737 aircraft, registered VH-YIR (YIR) and operated by Virgin Australia, to Mildura, Victoria on 18June 2013. If you have any questions about this product, or you want any other weather or climate information, please contact us. AIP GEN 3.5 paragraph 4.1 defined aerodrome weather reports as: reports of observations of meteorological conditions at an aerodrome. Web. Pilot flying (PF) and pilot monitoring (PM) are procedurally assigned roles with specifically assigned duties at specific stages of a flight. The AIP New Zealand, in GEN 3.3 outlined the services provided by New Zealand ATC in relation to FIS. After this occurrence, the MATS was amended to ensure dissemination responsibility for a SPECI was retained by the controller in the event the associated AWIS was not broadcasting (see the section titled Safety issues and actions). The FOs relevant aeronautical experience is outlined in Table 4. The visibility and cloud detected by the AWS was broadly consistent with the SPECIs that were available at that time as both were generated from the same data source. In particular, if a SPECI report was available from an automatic broadcast service (ABS) then it would not be made available to the pilot by ATC. A number of these challenges have been identified by the Centre of Australian Weather and Climate Research and include that: At interview, the BoM similarly stated that as fog is a very rare event for most airports, it is difficult to accurately forecast. This comprised flight fuel to Adelaide of 5,000 kg, variable and fixed fuel reserves of 1,600 kg and additional fuel of 1,300 kg. BoM observations, together with reports from Adelaide Airport tower controllers placed the fog well to the north of Adelaide Airport. Given the TAF only had a 30 per cent probability of fog, and as the aircraft was in the sterile cockpit phase of flight, flight watch did not pass the TAF to the crew at this point. Service provided by New Zealand ATC in relation to FIS UV Index predicted to reach 12 [ Extreme ] the. Recommended from 9:30 am to 5:50 pm, UV Index predicted to 12. In contrast, the crew of Qantas 735 had greater time to make that assessment you want any other or! 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